A simple block model showing a plunging fold.  This is one of eight models used by students during a GEOL 101 structural geology laboratory module. We also use them in our Geological Field Techniques class.

These models would typically require the use of a dual-extrusion printer and can be printed in a variety of materials. PLA has been our choice and has worked well for us. The dual-extruder printer files folder contains four .stl files. The plunging fold marker bed and body files can be merged in the printing software and get assigned different colors. Our students found it useful to also look at version of the model without the top layer where they can see the folded marker bed.

It is of course also possible to print the pieces individually and glue them together as well! The second folder, named “single-extruder printer files”, contains each of the pieces that can be printed separately.

If you want to read more about our experience in using these models in Geology 101L, please check this publication: Joseph Gutierrez, Sinan Osman Akciz, Natalie Bursztyn, Kevin Nichols & John Thurmond (2023) Testing the efficacy of 3D-printed geologic models as tools for fostering spatial visualization abilities, International Geology Review, 65:8, 1320-1330, DOI: 10.1080/00206814.2022.2084647