DIY rotary encoder

outer diamater: 74mm

10-position rotary encoder for manual operation. All parts from the 3D printer. Can be easily replicated.
The rotary encoder is intended for manual operation. Especially where fewer positions are advantageous for operation (e.g. 2 forwards, 3 back). Holding the 10 position with magnets results in a clearly perceptible positioning without great effort.
By omitting the inner magnets, the encoder can also be used as a free running jog wheel.

The rotary encoder consists of the fixed, inner ring with mounts for the 5 ball bearings, the Hall sensors and the button. The axial ball bearing stabilizes the concentricity, the 4 radial ball bearings stabilize the horizontal axis of the encoder (stability). The outer ring is rotatable. The button is operated through the axial ball bearing. The two rings each have 10 magnets which “snap” into position. They also trigger the Hall sensors.
The rotation is detected with 2 pcs. A3144 Hall sensors. The positions of the sensors are slightly offset. This arrangement results in a phase-shifted signal which can be evaluated by software. It allows clockwise and counterclockwise rotation to be detected. The position magnets on the outer ring serve as trigger magnets. A standard SS5D microswitch is used as a button.

Additional Parts Required: 

1 pc ball bearing 608-ZZ (8mm, 22mm) 
4 pcs ball bearings 623-ZZ (3mm, 10mm) 
1 pcs Microswitch SS-5D
2 pcs A3144 Hall Sensors 
20 pcs. neodymium magnets 5x1.5mm 
4 countersunk screws M3x15 
5 countersunk screws M3x6 
1 cylinder head screw M3x5 
1 piece microcontroller Raspberry PI Pico or similar 

Assembly 
Print out all parts. I used PETG but PLA will work fine too. You need 10 of the spacers. Glue the button to the spring (superglue). Wire the Hall sensors and glue them to the encoder base with superglue. Glue the microswitch into the recess with superglue. Slide the cover onto the top and fix with glue. Insert the magnets into the slots provided. Important: Magnets and Hall sensors must have the correct orientation (N/S) → chek it!.
Tip: For a somewhat smoother run, I stuck a paper disc on the inside of the DecoderTop.

The optional base serves as an electronics housing.

Software: 
The two Hall sensors deliver the same signal as a standard rotary encoder. Therefore, software code is available for almost all microcontrollers. I chose the Raspberry PI Pico. Any other controller will work as well.

Have Fun!

I have now created an encoder-top for the free running jogwheel version. This has 20 detents and delivers 20 signals per revolution.